Jasmine belongs to the Olive family. This species has more than 300 varieties, some of which are suitable for growing indoors. Due to its unpretentiousness in care and a pleasant aroma of flowers, this plant is increasingly found in residential buildings. The article discusses the main varieties of culture, as well as features of cultivation.

Botanical Description

Jasmine is an evergreen shrub with simple or complex leaves. They can be light or dark green in color, depending on the place of growth. Crohn is erect or in the form of vines with ampelous shoots. The lower part of the plant eventually becomes covered with a stiff bark, so young shoots are sent along an arc.

In some varieties, the flowers grow separately. Also there are varieties that form inflorescences in the form of a brush. The shape of the flowers is saucer-shaped. Petals pink, white or yellow.

Did you know? In Muslim countries, this flower is considered sacred. Believers are sure that before going to heaven, they will be asked in heaven if they raised jasmine.

Types and varieties of indoor jasmine

At room conditions, you can grow a huge number of species that differ in shape or shade of inflorescences. All of them have a huge number of advantages, including a rich aroma and aesthetic appearance.

Each species is divided into beautiful and unusual varieties, which annually only strengthen their market position. Most gardeners want to grow them in rooms or kitchens as a decorative element.

Large flowered

This variety of indoor jasmine is characterized by large evergreen shrubs that can reach a height of 2.5 m. The shoots are smooth, with a pleasant green tint.

Type Description:

• leaves of the opposite type, elliptical in shape. They have a pointed top, which only gives unusualness;
• the length of the sheet plate is 2 cm;
• umbrella-shaped flowers;
• inflorescences consist of 5-10 flowers;
• white petals;
• the aroma is pleasant, sweet.

Flowering species Jasminum grandiflorum long. It begins in early July and lasts until October. Among the large-flowered varieties, Multiflorum is very popular.

Blueflower

Shrubs of this type are not dense. The shoots are flowing, and do not grow up. On the surface of the branches there are few leaves of a saturated green hue and an umbrella shape. Their average length is 3 cm.

Did you know? Jasmine oil is often used in perfumes and is considered one of the most expensive. To buy 1 kg of the substance, you need to spend about 6 thousand dollars.

During flowering, which begins in January and lasts until April, the bushes are covered with light yellow single flowers. The most common varieties of hollow-flowered jasmine are Lerat and Royal.

Sambac

Variety Sambac - evergreen shrub with long shoots. Their average length is 6 m. The stems are covered with a slight pubescence. The leaves have an ovoid shape and the opposite type of structure. The average length of the leaf plate is 10 cm, and in the upper part there is a slight pointedness.

Inflorescences of the Sambac variety have a racemose form. Each of them has 5-6 flowers. They have a terry surface and a pleasant white tint. Flowering lasts from March to early October. The most famous varieties of the Sambac species are the Beauty of India and the Grand Duke of Tuscany.

Multi-flowered

Shrubs of this type grow up to 2 m in height. Crohn is magnificent, which can be explained by curly shoots. The leaves are oval, with wavy edges. They have a rich green tint. Flowers collected in inflorescences. In each of them 3-4 pieces.

Petals in a pleasant light pink hue. The shape of the inflorescences is narrowly tubular, with five-lobed limbs. Flowering continues from April to September. The most famous varieties of multi-flowered jasmine are Snowfall and Grand Duke.

Madagascar

Shrubs of Madagascar jasmine reach a height of 3 m. The plant has dense green shoots, covered with a small pubescence. The leaves are egg-shaped, green, with pronounced veins.

The flowering of Madagascar indoor jasmine lasts from March to August. At this time, bright inflorescences of 3-4 flowers of a pink hue are formed on the bushes. The aroma is pleasant, sweet. One bush is enough for the smell to spread throughout the house and lasts throughout the flowering period.

Japanese

Shrubs of this type are very compact. The height of the plant is only 1.5 m. The shoots are erect, light green. Oval leaves with wavy edges and a pointed apex form on their surface. The average length of the sheet plate is 5 cm.

Flowering, which lasts throughout the summer, is accompanied by saturated purple flowers. The most famous varieties of Japanese jasmine include Mont Blanc and Bouquet.

Bis

The peculiarity of this species lies in the fact that the plant may take the form of a shrub or a vine type of growth. The average length of Jasmine Bis - 2 m. On furrowed shoots are opposite leaves of a saturated green hue. Their surface is covered with a slight pubescence, and the length can reach 5 cm.

Flowers grow up to 2 cm in diameter. They gather in inflorescences of 2-3 pcs. Petals have a nice pink color. The culture begins in May in flowers and continues to delight with beauty and sweet aroma until mid-September.

The subtleties of care

Indoor jasmine will not grow in an open area, where constant temperature changes prevail. In order for the plant to regularly please you with beautiful and fragrant flowers, it is necessary to provide them with full care. There are also cases where the gardener pays great attention to shrubs, but they do not develop.

Various factors can affect this:

• the temperature changes sharply in the room;
• the plant gets a lot of direct sunlight;
• insufficient or excessive hydration;
• low humidity in the room.

Lighting and temperature

Indoor jasmine was imported into the territory of Russia from tropical countries. Therefore, the culture prefers to grow in well-lit areas. But never put flower containers on the windowsill. If direct sunlight is exposed to the plant, this may provoke its death. At home, flower pots are placed on the bedside table, where most of the natural light.

Important! If jasmine grows under artificial lighting, flowering worsens and new leaves do not bloom.

For optimal development and flowering of the plant, it is necessary that the room maintains a constant temperature in the range from +21 to + 25 ° C. If the temperature regime drops to + 15 ° C, then the bushes can completely wither.

Variety Sambak gardeners prefer to harden in winter to provoke increased flowering. To do this, lower the room temperature to + 10 ° C for 7 days.

Watering and feeding

In spring and summer, plants are watered with well-defended water. The optimum water temperature for irrigation is + 23 ° C. The regularity of watering depends on the speed of drying the soil in the pot. It is necessary to irrigate jasmine so that moisture penetrates to a depth of 10 cm. Also do not forget about spraying jasmine shoots, because they need moisturizing. In winter, you do not need to water jasmine from the spray gun so that the flowering dates are not delayed.

Top dressing in summer and spring is carried out often, with an interval of 2 weeks. Use organic and mineral substances one by one to saturate the soil and plant with the necessary elements. As organics, humus, bird droppings or wood ash (1 kg per plant) are used.

Important! Indoors, the use of chemicals is life threatening. Therefore, it is recommended to use only folk remedies.

Of the minerals, give preference to potassium nitrate (40 g per 1 plant) and superphosphate (50 g per 1 shrub). In autumn, top dressing is reduced to 1 time per month, and in winter it is even better to abandon soil fertilizer. The plant needs time to recover.

Pruning and pinching

If the adult bush has reached a great height, then to maintain its shape, tie the stems to the support. Alternatively, you can lean them on a cabinet. In mid-January, 1/3 long stems are shortened.

Inspect the plant periodically for dry, damaged and underdeveloped shoots and remove them in a timely manner. Pruning should be carried out with a sharp secateurs, which are pre-treated with potassium permanganate or peroxide to eliminate bacteria. Otherwise, there is a risk of infecting the plant, and it will begin to hurt.

Pest and Disease Control

If the gardener will properly care for the crop, then it will not be affected by disease. Among the pests, the larvae of which can get in with water or during ventilation, there are:

1. Aphids. Treatment consists of spraying with a solution of laundry soap (dissolve 1 bar in 10 l of water).
2. Whitefly The destruction of the parasite is carried out by spraying the plant with tincture of yarrow (500 g of the plant pour 10 l of water and insist for 5 days).
3. Weevil. Against the pest, spray with tincture of mustard (1 pack of dry spices in 10 liters of water).

Breeding

There are several ways to propagate indoor jasmine. The first option - cuttings, which begin in the spring.

The step-by-step procedure for this method of breeding a flower:

1. Select a mature shoot on the bush.
2. Cut off its upper part at an acute angle so that it has at least 2 kidneys.
3. Plant the cuttings in pre-moistened sand.
4. Water the soil daily.
5. After a month, with the appearance of the roots, place the planting material in plastic glasses and leave them in a warm, well-lit place.
6. When the container is completely filled with roots, transplant the cuttings into large pots, at least 10 cm high.

The second method is propagation by layering. Step-by-step technology:

1. Next to an adult plant, place a pot filled with garden soil.
2. On the mother bush, select a healthy shoot and cut a little its top.
3. Bend it to the soil (new pot), sprinkle with earth and cover with plastic wrap.
4. When young leaves and roots appear on the shoot, separate it from the mother plant.
5. After that, look after adult shrubs.

Now you know how to properly care for indoor jasmine, which is increasingly appearing in residential buildings. This plant is able not only to create comfort in the room, but also to fill it with a pleasant sweet aroma.